Grades : 3 - 5
Essential Academic Learning Requirements:
Reading:
1. The student
understands and uses different skills and strategies to read.
1.2
build vocabulary through reading
Communication:
1.
The student uses listening and observation skills to gain understanding.
1.1
focus attention
1.2
listen and observe to gain and interpret information
1.3
check for understanding by asking questions and paraphrasing
Science:
1.
The student understands and uses scientific concepts and principles.
1.1
use properties to identify, describe, and categorize substances, materials, and
objects and use characteristics to categorize living things
1.2
recognize the components, structure, and organization of systems and the
interconnections within and among them
VOCABULARY:
Insects Orders:
Lep’i-dop’ter-a:
Lepid (scaley) + optera (wing)
Hy’men-op’ter-a:
Hymen (membranous) + optera (wing)
Dip’ter-a:
Di (two or twice) + ptera (wing)
Col’e-op’ter-a:
Cole (sheath) + optera (wing)
He-mip’ter-a:
Hemi (half) + optera (wing)
Or-thop’ter-a:
Ortho (straight) + ptera (wing)
Iso’opter-a:
Iso (equal) + pter (wing)
Teaching
procedure:
1.
Introduction: Insects evolved over more than 375 million years ago.
Trees evolved about the time that bees developed.
2.
Relationship: Mutual insect need for nectar and pollen for food, and the
need of insect for pollination. In
addition, insects can use trees as a place of refuge.
3.
Percent of insect orders that interrelate with trees is 10 out of 26.
4.
Insect harmful to trees - minor orders and major orders.
A.
Minor orders: Isoptera, Orthoptera, and Dermaptera
B.
Major orders: Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera
Hemiptera, Homoptera, Diptera, and Neuroptera
5.
Insects orders and examples harmful to the inside of the tree. (Common
names only)
A.
Lepidoptera - Carpenterworm Moth, Peach Tree Borer, Arborvitae Leafminer,
Birch Leaf Skeletonizer, Oriental Fruit Moth, Codling Moth, and the
European Pine Shoot Moth
B.
Coleoptera - Flatheaded Fir Borer, Bronze Birch Borer,
Apple Twig Borer, Locust Borer, Round Headed Apple Tree Borer, Red Headed
Ash Borer, and the Shot Hole Borer (All
very common names. There are more
in this order than all the rest combined.)
C.
Hymenoptera- Horntailed Sawfly, Birch Leaf miner, and Willow Shoot
Sawfly.
D.
Diptera: Walnut Husk Fly, Cherry Fruit Fly, Apple Maggot, Vinegar Fly And
the Mediterranean Fruit Fly
E.
Isoptera: Termites (not serious, normally in dead wood)
6.
Insect orders and examples harmful to the outside of the tree.
A.
Lepidoptera: (Caterpillars) Red humped caterpillar, Leaf-rollers, Gypsy
Moth, Sycamore Tussock Moth, Fall Webworm, and the Morningclock Butterfly
B.
Coleoptera: Japanese Beetle, Pine Chafer, Elm Leaf Beetle, and the
Cottonwood Leaf Beetle (There are a lots and lots of leaf beetles.)
C.
Hymenoptera: Pear Slug and the Cherry Slug
D.
Heteroptera: Boxelder Bug, Sycamore Lace Bug, Stink Bug,(Hemiptera)
Leaffooted Bugs, Seed Bugs, and lots of leaf bugs.
E.
Heteroptera: Leafhoppers, Whitefly, San Jose Scale, Cottony (Homoptera)
Cushion Scale, Oystershell scale, mealybugs, and
many, many species of Aphids.
F.
Dermaptera: Earwigs ( not serious)
7.
Insect orders and examples beneficial to the inside of trees.
A.
Hymenoptera: Ichneumonid Wasps (parasites of borers) and Braconid Wasps
(parasites of borers)
8.
Insect orders and examples beneficial to the outside of trees.
A.
Hymenoptera: Honey bees, (best known) Bumble bee, and other solitary
bees.
B.
Orthoptera: Preying Mantis (predator on harmful insects)
C.
Dermaptera: Earwigs ( prey on bark beetle larva)
D.
Heteroptera: Assassin Bugs, Pirate Bugs, Rough Stink Bug.
E.
Coleoptera: Ladybird Beetles (of course), Checkered Beetles, Bark
Beetles.